Method: There were made 43 measures in 66 skeleton skulls exhumed from the Municipal Cemetery of Guarulhos – SP, without the knowledge of their sex by the examiner. The previous records of the skulls were used to separate them into two groups: 34 male skulls and 32 female skulls. Measurements were made by two calibrated examiners.
Result: The results indicated statistically significant differences (p <0.05) between men and women for 5 qualitative measures assessed (Nuchal Crest, Mastoid Process, Supra-Orbital Margin, Supra-Orbital Ridge/Glabella and Mental Eminence. Mann-Whitney Test) and 33 quantitative (Maximum Length, Maximum Breadth, Bizygomatic Breadth, Basion-Bregma, Cranial Base Length, Maximum Alveolar Breadth, Biauricular Breadth, Min. Frontal Breadth, Nasal Height, Orbital Breadth Left and Rigth, Frontal Chord, Parietal Chord, Occipital Chord, Foramen Magnum Length, Foramen Magnum Breadth, Mastoid Length Left and Rigth, Chin Height, Body Heigth at Mental For. Left and Rigth, Body Thickness at M. For. Rigth, Bicondylar Breadth, Min. Ramus Breadth Left and Rigth, Max. Ramus Breadth, Bigonial Diameter Left and Rigth, Max. Ramus Heigth Left and Rigth, Mand. Length, Mand. Angle Left and Rigth. “t” test).
Conclusion: It is concluded that this methodology shows good sex discrimination of craniums (88.4% accuracy) and can be applied in Brazilian identification processes.