Method: This study was conducted in 43 children and adolescents diagnosed with SCA, in both gender, aged 3 to 21 years old. The intraoral examination was performed and hypoplasia, dental opacity (primary and mixed dentitions), dental eruption chronology and the presence or absence of mucosal pallor were assessed and registered. The subjects were divided into term and preterm for evaluation of the dental enamel and eruption chronology.
Result: Forty-three patients (21 males and 22 females) with mean age of 6 years were evaluated. The total of the sample, 35 (81.4%) were terms, seven preterms (16.28%) and one post-term (2.32%). It was observed that enamel alterations were present in 49% (n=21). Enamel hypoplasia and white spot lesions had a higher prevalence of 75% (n=05) in preterm subjects and term subjects 51% (n=17). Delayed dental eruption was present in 23% (n=9) of subjects, 29% preterms and 20% terms. Mucosal pallor were diagnosed in 37% (n=16) of the subjects. The most prevalent alteration in the oral mucosa was tongue pallor affecting 16% (n=7) of the subjects.
Conclusion: Oral manifestations were common in sickle cell anemia. The most prevalent tooth complications were enamel hypoplasia and white spot lesions. Tongue pallor was more prevalent manifestation in the oral mucosa in children and adolescents.