Cellular response to titanium and crystalline diamond micro and nanoparticles
Titanium is the most widely used biomaterial in dental implantology. A layer of titanium dioxide(TiO2) forms on the surface of this metal. As a result of electrochemical attack, it can suffer corrosion and release particles into the biological milieu. With the aim to decrease the release of particles, the use of crystalline diamond for implant coatings has been suggested. Macrophages interact at the level of the biomaterial-tissue interface. Therefore, it is of interest to study macrophage response to particles of both materials by evaluating cytotoxicity and oxidative metabolism. Objective: To perform an in vitro comparison of the biological response of macrophages to TiO2 and CD micro and nanoparticles. Methods: Macrophages obtained from lung Wistar rats were cultured(24 hrs) and exposed to 10 and 100µg/ml (micro[M] and nano[N]) TiO2 and (micro[MCD]) and ultranano[UNCD]) CD particles. Oxidative metabolism was studied by assessing superoxide anion(O2-) and nitric oxide (NO2) generation; cell cytotoxicity was evaluated by determining the percentage of remnant cells, and cell death was analyzed using light microscopy and flow cytometry. Results: Irrespective of grain size, TiO2 caused greater generation of O2- than CD(e.g.:Control:32.25±1.5vs[10µg/ml]MCD:32.85±6.3;UNCD:30±1.8;TiO2-M:64.19±1.3; TiO2-N:74.35±2.8). Both TiO2 and CD[100µg/ml], irrespective of particle size, induced a significant increase in the release of NO2. As to the[10µg/ml] concentration, only TiO2(M and N) caused a significant increase in O2- generation. Cultures exposed to[100µg/ml] of TiO2 or CD showed a decrease in the number of cells. However, TiO2[10µg/ml] caused up to 50% decrease whereas CD caused only a 15% decrease. Light microscopy and flow cytometry results showed that the main cytotoxic mechanism was via apoptosis. Conclusion: TiO2 particles induced a greater dose-dependent increase in cytotoxicity and oxidative metabolism than CD. The studied parameters suggest that micro and ultranano crystalline diamond particles may potentially be used as a surface coating for biomedical implants.PICT2008-1116-ANPCyT;UBACyT-20020100200157;CONICET-PIP-11220090100117.
Division: IADR/LAR General Session
Meeting:2012 IADR/LAR General Session (Iguaçu Falls, Brazil) Location: Iguaçu Falls, Brazil
Year: 2012 Final Presentation ID:2629 Abstract Category|Abstract Category(s):IADR/Unilever Hatton Awards
Authors
Bruno, Marcos
( University of Buenos Aires- School of Science and Technology, National University of San Martin, Buenos Aires, N/A, Argentina
)
Auciello, Orlando
( Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, N/A, USA
)
Tasat, Deborah Ruth
( National University of San Martin - School of Dentistry, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, N/A, Argentina
)
Olmedo, Daniel
( University of Buenos Aires - National Council of Scientific and Technical Research, Buenos Aires, N/A, Argentina
)
D'atri, Paola
( National Council of Scientific and Technical Research - School of Science and Technology - National University of San Martin, Buenos Aires, N/A, Argentina
)
Sittner, Maximiliano
( National University of San Martin, Buenos Aires, N/A, Argentina
)
Guglielmotti, Maria Beatriz
( University of Buenos Aires - National Council of Scientific and Technical Research, Buenos Aires, N/A, Argentina
)
Cabrini, Romulo Luis
( University of Buenos Aires - National Academy of Medicine - National Commission of Atomic Energy, Buenos Aires, N/A, Argentina
)
Berra, Alejandro
( University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, N/A, Argentina
)
Gurman, Pablo
( Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, N/A, USA
)