Comparative Study on CPP-ACP and TCP Based Products

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to measure the bio-available calcium, phosphate and fluoride levels in various dental preventive products. The ability of products to prevent the demineralization was also evaluated. Methods: We evaluated 3 commercial products in this study: tooth cream containing 10% CPP-ACP with 900ppm fluoride (GC MI Paste Plus: MIPP, GC); toothpaste containing TCP with 950ppm fluoride (Clinpro tooth Cream: C950, 3M ESPE) and toothpaste containing TCP with 5000ppm fluoride (Clinpro 5000: C5000, 3M ESPE). Initially, 10 times dilutions were prepared using 1N HCl and neutral pH buffer respectively. Levels of each ion were determined using ion meter for fluoride, atomic absorption spectrophotometer for calcium and molybdenum acid colorimetric method for phosphate. The amount of calcium, phosphate and fluoride ions detected in acidic condition and neutral buffer was defined as total and bio-available amount in each product. To compare the anti-demineralizing effect in vitro, bovine tooth specimens (n=6) treated by dilution of each product were subjected to 7 days of de/remineralizing cycling. After pH-cycling, the demineralization level was evaluated using X-ray CT and analysis software. Data were statistically analyzed (ANOVA, Turkey's). Results: All products contained claimed levels of fluoride. Only MIPP released significant amounts of calcium and phosphate in both conditions. From the results of pH-cycling test, means (SD) of mineral loss values (vol%min･µm) for MIPP and C950 were 2390.7 (774.3) and 3612.7 (266.3) respectively. This showed that MIPP significantly inhibited mineral loss compared to C950 (p<0.01). There were no significant difference in mineral loss between MIPP group and C5000 group. Only MIPP retained an enamel surface layer whereas surface layer in the C950 and C5000 groups was lost. Conclusions: MIPP contained significantly higher bio-available calcium and phosphate ions than other two products. These ions and fluoride effectively prevented demineralization.