Biocompatibility Test in vitro for New Hydroxyapatite

Objectives: Adequate bone volume is imperative for the osseointegration of endosseous implants. Synthetic hydroxyapatite can be used as bone graft. Hydroxyapatite is chemically similar to the mineral component of bones and have been used in bone not critical sized defect application. The development of a new hydroxyapatite biomaterial that promotes a reduction in costs and patient stress is necessary. The use of hydroxyapatite association with possible bioactive elements is necessary and in vitro evaluation of synthetic biomaterial periodontal defects`action sites and to enhance primary implant stability during osseointegration. Hydroxyapatite may be employed in forms such as porous blocks, spheres to fill bone defects or voids. Methods: Spheres of HA and apatite with 1% of Pb, Sr, Co, Zn, Fe, Cu, Mg were produced with comparison finality. In vitro test of citotoxicity were made using physics and chemistry techniques and performed citotoxicity according to the ISO 109935-12. Methods:To cytotoxicity of the apatites modified with 1% of metal was determined in function of the cells number, while the cytotoxicity of metal apatites modified with 1% of metal was carried out utilizing. Results: Hydroxypatites produced did not presented other phase and showed itself crystalline. CuHA, CoHA, MgHA, ZnHA, PbHA and SrHA1% also showed dissolution in DMEM 1% apatites disks showed no spreading after seeding was observed after 24 hours. Regarding the mechanism of cellular death by apoptose was possible to evaluate that CuHA1% and ZnHA1% presented minor percentage of apoptotic cells in opposition to the Co and MgHA1%. Conclusion: it was possible to obtain the crystalline and free of other phases metal modified hydroxyapatites up to 1%, but the real concentration of the present metals does not correspond upon theoretically proposing. The substitution of the hidroxiapatites by metals modifies its toxicity in vitro.