Effect of Octenidol® mouthrinse on cell apoptosis and cell necrosis

Objectives: The aim was to investigate the effect of the alcohol-free mouthrinse Octenidol® (Octinidin) on apoptosis and necrosis of fibroblasts and epithelium cells in comparison to other oral antiseptics and in relation to contact time. Methods: Besides Octenidol® the following also alcohol-free mouthrinses were used: Chlorhexamed® 0,2% (CHX), Meridol® (AmF/ZnF), Betaisodona® (PVP-Jod); control: medium only. The cells, human primary gingiva fibroblasts (HFIB-G, Provitro) and human primary nasal epithelium cells (HNEPC, Provitro), were cultivated in cell specific medium (initial cell number: 2x10E5/ml), than they were treated with the mouthrinses for 1, 5, and 15 min. Each test was carried out 12 times. Subsequently apoptosis (Caspase 3/7-Assay, Promega) and necrosis (LDH-Assay, Promega) were determined (spectral photometer). Statistics: Two-way analysis of variance and subsequent Mann-Whitney-U tests (adjusted by the method of Bonferroni). Results: All the mouthrinses showed a significant effect on the necrosis (LDH) of the fibrobasts (p<0.05), whereas apoptosis (Caspase) was rarely observed (p=0.27). In the epithelium cells a significant effect of the mouthrinses on both apotosis (Caspase) and necrosis (LDH) was observed (p<0.05). In both cell lines the two parameters showed no effect regarding the contact time (p>0.05). Regarding apoptosis (Caspase) and necrosis (LDH) no significant difference between Octenidol® and the other mouthrinses for both the fibroblasts and the epithelium cells could be determined (p>0.05). As well there was no significant difference between Octenidol® and the control (p>0.05). Conclusions: As any of the oral antiseptics Octenidol® showed a slight negative effect on apoptosis and necrosis of human fibroblasts and epithelium cells. There was no difference between Octenidol® and the control as well as the other mouthrinses.