Crevicular Fluid Levels of IL-1b,IL-6 and TNF-a in Periodontitis Patients

OBJECTIVES:The cytokines IL-1b,TNF-a and IL-6 ,inflammation-related cytokines, are associated with bone resoption in periodontal disease. IL-1b and TNF-a induce bone resorption by stimulating proliferation and differentiation of osteoclasts' progenitors. IL-6 stimulates the formation of cells with an osteoclastic phenotype. These cytokines have regulatory effects on osteoclastogenesis and the most aggressive forms of inflammatory bone loss. The aim of this study was to investigate the levels of IL-1b,TNF-a and IL-6 in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) samples from patients with chronic periodontitis (ChP), generalized aggressive periodontitis (GagP) and localized aggressive periodontitis (LAgP) and to clarify the correlation of GCF levels of this markers with the severity of periodontitis.

METHODS:18 patients with ChP, 22 patients with GAgP, 22 patients with GagP, and 20 healthy control (C) subjects were selected for the study. The GCF was collected by using sterile filter papers. Assays for GCF IL-1b,TNF-a, and IL-6 were carried out by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. The groups compared with each other by utilizing Mann Whitney U-test.

RESULTS:The GCF levels of IL-1b,IL-6 and TNF-a were higher in GAgP compared to those of CG (p<0.05). TNF-a levels of GagP group were higher than the LAgP group (p<0.05). The IL-6 level was higher in the LAgP group compared to CHP group(p<0.05).The level of of IL-6 in ChP patients was increased according to controls (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:These results suggest that the cytokine profiles of periodontal diseases differ from each other. IL-1b, IL-6 and TNF-a were elevated in GAgP according to LAgP,ChP and controls. In addition, IL-6 has a major effect on progressive bone resorption in GagP and ChP. The increases in the levels of this inflammatory markers stimulate osteoclastogenesis.