Effect of nano-titanium hydride on biocompatible titanium implant

Objectives:Generally, the porous TiO2 was prepared by immersing Ti in an alkaline solution for long time. The porous layer is hard to produce without the presence of TiH2. The TiH2 is directly changed to TiO2 by a dissolution reaction in alkaline solution. The aim to the study is to investigate the effect of nanophases on titanium implant with and without surface treatments. Methods: In this study, electrochemistry process was performed as surface treatment of titanium-based implant. Titanium hydride (TiH2) was formed on titanium implant surface after cathode treatment. Nanoporous titanium oxide structure was formed by anodic surface treatment. In order to realize the properties of titanium oxide film, physical and chemical properties of titanium implant with and without surface treatments. Results: Cathodic-anodization process was used to treat titanium sheets to improve biocompatible performance. Grazing incident X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and electrochemical measurement were performed to evaluate the influence of hydrogen on the formation of nanoporous TiO2. Nanocrystallization and oxidation occurred after treatment with cathodic-anodization process. A multimeshworked and nanostructured TiO2 layer with a grain size of about 2 nm was formed on the Ti surface. The nanoporous layer was obtained from titanium hydride (TiH2), which is nanostructure, on the surface after cathodization. The nanoporous layer is hard to form without cathodization. The nanophase TiH2 is directly changed to TiO2 by a dissolution reaction after anodization. The nanophase TiH2 plays an important role in forming multimeshworked and nanostructured TiO2 layer. The cathodic-anodization treatment not only provides a multimeshworked and nanostructured titanium surface, but also leads to nanostructured titanium surface transformed into titanium oxide surfaces. Conclusion: Hydrogen charging by cathodization and oxidation as well as nanocrystallization by anodization are believed to enhance biocompatibility and thus promote tissue healing.