Healing response of cortical and cancellous bone around titanium implants

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the difference of cortical and cancellous bone healing response around machined and anodized titanium implants with two transverse canals in rabbit tibia, by histomorphometric analysis. Methods: Screw-shaped implants were made of commercially pure titanium. Group 1 samples : machined titanium implants with two transverse canals, Group 2 samples :Group1 + anodized under the constant voltage of 300V. Implants were installed in rabbit tibiae, the upper canals were positioned in the old cortical region of bone and the lower canals were located in the marrow region. Result: After one month healing period, the histomorphometric analysis was done. (1) The percentage of bone-to-implant contact (BIC) inside the upper canals was 35.16% for Group 1 and 55.18% for Group 2. Group 2 showed higher values than Group 1 did at a statistically significant level (p< .05). (2) The percentage of BIC inside the lower canals was 15.20% for Group 1 and 25.61% for Group 2. Group 2 showed higher values than Group 1 did at a statistically significant level (p< .05). (3) The percentage of bone area inside the upper canals was 10.94% for Group 1 and 27.94% for Group 2. Group 2 showed higher values than Group 1 did at a statistically significant level (p< .05). (4)The percentage of bone area inside the lower canals was 3.16% for Group 1 and 4.66% for Group 2. Group2 showed higher values than Group 1 did at a statistically significant level(p< .05). Conclusion: The BIC and bone area inside the upper and lower canals showed different healing response of Group 1 and Group 2.