Corrosion Phenomena on Implant. Influence of the Chlorhexidine in gel

Introduction: The use of the chlorhexidine in gel (CHX) has been established for chemical control in prosthesis users, but the data about the influence of the CHX on the corrosion phenomena in conventional prosthesis or associated with implants are inconclusive. Objectives: The present study analyzed through the scanning microscope - SEM (JEOL JSM 5410 Scanning Microscope) the influence of the CHX on the osseointegrated implants. Methods: 3 standard fixtures (3.75 x 10.00 mm) connected to respective abutment (estheticone) formed 3 groups in accordance with the chemical treatment adopted: Group 1 - without chemical treatment (positive control); Group 2 - Sodium hypoclorite solution (0.012%) for 8h (negative control); and Group 3 - CHX in gel (1%), in order to protocol: 4 applications during 5 min. each, and after 24h, 3 more applications during 5 min. each. The specimens surface were analyzed through SEM (50x, 2000x and 3500x, 15Kv). Results: The results did not show differences between specimens when they were analyzed visually and compared to each other. Nevertheless, through the SEM, the specimens of Group 2 and 3 presented more rugosities and depressions than Group 1. The images suggest the corrosion phenomena in pite and plaque forms with 1-2 microns and 2-4 microns, respectively. The corrosion was observed between thread in uniform form. The manufacture process carried out by company does not hinder the presence of rugosities (150 microns) in the increase of 50x. Conclusion: The use of CHX and sodium hypoclorite solution (0.012%) allowed the superficial corrosion in all treated specimens, and the manufacture process carried out by the company did not guarantee a rugosities and depression-free surface.