IADR Abstract Archives
MULTIPLE ETIOLOGIES OF XEROSTOMIA IN AN HIV POSITIVE PATIENT: A CASE REPORT
Objectives: Xerostomia have often been reported as a popular oral complaint among HIV positive patients. There are many factors that contribute to its presence, predominantly prolonged medication use, chronic systemic diseases, and psychiatric disorders. Strong associations have been proclaimed between Xerostomia and other oral diseases, mainly extensive dental caries and oral infections, that may interfere patient’s quality of life. Here we report a case of Xerostomia in an HIV positive patient, aggravated by other complicated conditions, who was currently undergoing drug rehabilitation program.
Methods: A 45-year-old male patient with histories of MDMA and Amphetamine abuse for 5 years, heroin for a year, HIV positive on ART (Tenofovir and Lamivudine), Hepatitis C, and psychotic disorder on medications (Risperidon 1 mg, Clorazil 25 mg, Elxion 10 mg) came with a chief complaint of excessive dry mouth in the last two months. At clinical examination, poor oral hygiene with thick yellowish coating, severe dryness, and fissures on tongue, little saliva production, shiny oral mucosa, 12 carious lesions, and 12 missing teeth were revealed. Patient was, then, given education about oral health maintenance, asked to increase fluid intake and use 0.9% sodium chloride mouthwash every two hours daily, and scheduled every week to receive various dental treatments during his rehabilitation period.
Results: Proliferation HIV-infected CD8+ cells to salivary glands, salivary gland tropism of HCV, and overuse of numerous drugs that act as anticholinergic agents are suspected to be involved in the occurrence of Xerostomia.
Conclusions:
Comprehensive treatment for patient with multiple etiologies such this can be very challenging. It requires teamwork with other related specialists and patient’s cooperation to achieve a good improvement.
Methods: A 45-year-old male patient with histories of MDMA and Amphetamine abuse for 5 years, heroin for a year, HIV positive on ART (Tenofovir and Lamivudine), Hepatitis C, and psychotic disorder on medications (Risperidon 1 mg, Clorazil 25 mg, Elxion 10 mg) came with a chief complaint of excessive dry mouth in the last two months. At clinical examination, poor oral hygiene with thick yellowish coating, severe dryness, and fissures on tongue, little saliva production, shiny oral mucosa, 12 carious lesions, and 12 missing teeth were revealed. Patient was, then, given education about oral health maintenance, asked to increase fluid intake and use 0.9% sodium chloride mouthwash every two hours daily, and scheduled every week to receive various dental treatments during his rehabilitation period.
Results: Proliferation HIV-infected CD8+ cells to salivary glands, salivary gland tropism of HCV, and overuse of numerous drugs that act as anticholinergic agents are suspected to be involved in the occurrence of Xerostomia.
Conclusions:
Comprehensive treatment for patient with multiple etiologies such this can be very challenging. It requires teamwork with other related specialists and patient’s cooperation to achieve a good improvement.