IADR Abstract Archives
Development Of BIO-ART, A Chewing Machine With An Integrated Bioreactor
Objectives: A chewing machine (BIO-ART) with an integrated biofilm reactor has been developed to test dental materials, combining mechanical and biological challenges to provide a clinically representative test environment. As a part of the design and manufacture process, preliminary tests have been carried out to assess the functionality and stability of BIO-ART.
Methods: BIO-ART is a 2-axis, servo-driven, force-controlled machine coupled with a biofilm reactor that simulates the movement, load and oral environment of the human chewing motion (Fig. 1). The chewing simulation makes use of a haversine axial movement and a modified haversine lateral movement of 1 mm each with force control. The reactor consists of a chamber through which biofilm growth media is flowed and below which a controllable heating stage is assembled that keeps the reactor at 37 °C. In addition, sucrose can be pulsed into the chamber at a defined rate to simulate the daily meals that feed the bacteria. A pH and a temperature sensor are located inside the chamber to, respectively, record pH values and provide feedback to control the chamber temperature during the biomechanical experiments.
Results: The chewing simulation successfully synchronizes the 2-perpendicular movements, offering chewing motions with adjustable amplitude and speed. The maximum force applied can range from 10 to 45 N. pH curves resembling the Stephan Curve have been produced by sucrose pulsing. The temperature of the media can be kept within ±2 °C of the setpoint during experiments. Results from a sample test experiment with sucrose pulsing are presented in Fig2.
Conclusions: A chewing machine, BIO-ART, that combines mechanical and biological challenges to recreate the oral environment for testing dental materials has successfully been developed. It can accurately simulate the human chewing motion while providing a constant-temperature, sucrose pulsed environment for biofilm growth. Further optimization is in progress.
Methods: BIO-ART is a 2-axis, servo-driven, force-controlled machine coupled with a biofilm reactor that simulates the movement, load and oral environment of the human chewing motion (Fig. 1). The chewing simulation makes use of a haversine axial movement and a modified haversine lateral movement of 1 mm each with force control. The reactor consists of a chamber through which biofilm growth media is flowed and below which a controllable heating stage is assembled that keeps the reactor at 37 °C. In addition, sucrose can be pulsed into the chamber at a defined rate to simulate the daily meals that feed the bacteria. A pH and a temperature sensor are located inside the chamber to, respectively, record pH values and provide feedback to control the chamber temperature during the biomechanical experiments.
Results: The chewing simulation successfully synchronizes the 2-perpendicular movements, offering chewing motions with adjustable amplitude and speed. The maximum force applied can range from 10 to 45 N. pH curves resembling the Stephan Curve have been produced by sucrose pulsing. The temperature of the media can be kept within ±2 °C of the setpoint during experiments. Results from a sample test experiment with sucrose pulsing are presented in Fig2.
Conclusions: A chewing machine, BIO-ART, that combines mechanical and biological challenges to recreate the oral environment for testing dental materials has successfully been developed. It can accurately simulate the human chewing motion while providing a constant-temperature, sucrose pulsed environment for biofilm growth. Further optimization is in progress.
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