IADR Abstract Archives
Cigarette Smoke and E-cigarettes Effects on Dental Hard Tissue Discoloration
Objectives: Objectives. Cigarette smoke (CS) causes discoloration of dental hard tissues and composite resins, likely by depositing the brownish pigments of tar on tooth surfaces. This study was conducted to test if e-cigarette aerosol (EA) has a different impact than CS on color of dental hard tissues and composite restorations.
Methods: Methods. Class V cavities were prepared on 23 extracted human premolars and restored with a composite resin (Filtek™ Supreme Ultra). Restored teeth were divided into two groups and exposed to CS (3R4F reference cigarettes, University of Kentucky) and EA (from a novel device that uses MESH™ technology, Philip Morris International) aerosol for 56 minutes/day for 15 days with daily brushing with regular toothpaste. Whitening treatments, including whitening toothpaste, take-home bleaching (6% H2O2) and in-office bleaching (35% H2O2) were performed following CS and EA exposures till reversal of the discoloration or completion of the protocol. Color of enamel, dentin and composite restorations were assessed every five days of exposure after brushing and following each whitening treatment session.
Results: Results. CS caused significant discolorations in enamel (ΔE=9.11±2.78), dentin (ΔE=21.39±5.57) and composite restorations (ΔE=14.14±2.99) in 15 days, and resulted in color mismatch between dental hard tissues and the composite resin. Mild discoloration was measured in the EA groups but the ΔEs were not greater than the clinical threshold of 3.3 for enamel, dentin and composite restorations (Table 1). While treatments with whitening toothpaste, take-home and in-office bleaching did not recover the color of dental hard tissues and composite resins in CS group, brushing with whitening toothpaste alone was sufficient to revert the color to the baseline shade in the EA group (Table 1).
Conclusions: Conclusions. CS caused significant discolorations of dental hard tissues and composite resins that resulted in color mismatch of composite restorations. Effects of EA on tooth color were minimal and easily reversible.
Methods: Methods. Class V cavities were prepared on 23 extracted human premolars and restored with a composite resin (Filtek™ Supreme Ultra). Restored teeth were divided into two groups and exposed to CS (3R4F reference cigarettes, University of Kentucky) and EA (from a novel device that uses MESH™ technology, Philip Morris International) aerosol for 56 minutes/day for 15 days with daily brushing with regular toothpaste. Whitening treatments, including whitening toothpaste, take-home bleaching (6% H2O2) and in-office bleaching (35% H2O2) were performed following CS and EA exposures till reversal of the discoloration or completion of the protocol. Color of enamel, dentin and composite restorations were assessed every five days of exposure after brushing and following each whitening treatment session.
Results: Results. CS caused significant discolorations in enamel (ΔE=9.11±2.78), dentin (ΔE=21.39±5.57) and composite restorations (ΔE=14.14±2.99) in 15 days, and resulted in color mismatch between dental hard tissues and the composite resin. Mild discoloration was measured in the EA groups but the ΔEs were not greater than the clinical threshold of 3.3 for enamel, dentin and composite restorations (Table 1). While treatments with whitening toothpaste, take-home and in-office bleaching did not recover the color of dental hard tissues and composite resins in CS group, brushing with whitening toothpaste alone was sufficient to revert the color to the baseline shade in the EA group (Table 1).
Conclusions: Conclusions. CS caused significant discolorations of dental hard tissues and composite resins that resulted in color mismatch of composite restorations. Effects of EA on tooth color were minimal and easily reversible.