IADR Abstract Archives
Impact of printing orientations and aging in 3D-printed resin composites
Objectives: The mechanical strengths of temporary resin composite (TRC) specimens fabricated by 3D printed technique have been studied, with the focus on the effect of printing orientations and aging.
Methods: 360 specimens out of three TRCs (Nextdent C&B, 3Delta temp, Freeprint temp) were printed (DLP 3D printer D20II, Rapidshape, Heimsheim, Germany) by considering three printing orientations: (a) specimen printed horizontal parallel to the building platform; b) specimen printed horizontal perpendicular to the building platform; c) specimen printed vertical to the building platform (Figure 1)).
Postprocessing was carried out according to manufacturer's specifications. Specimens were either stored in distilled water for 24h at 37°C or additionally subjected to artificial aging (10,000 thermocycles (5 to 55°C). Flexural strength (FS) was evaluated in a three point bending test (ISO/DIN 4049:1998), n=20. Results were compared using multiple-way ANOVA and Tukey’s honestly significant difference post hoc test (α=0.05), partial eta-square statistics and Weibull’s analysis.
Results: FS ranged from 93.2 to 159.9 MPa and 76.8 to 135.1MPa in non-aged and aged specimens, respectively, in the material sequence Freeprint temp< Nextdent C&B<3Delta temp.
TRC exerted the highest influence on FS (p<0.001, partial eta square,ηp2 = 0.651) followed by aging (ηp2=0.220) and printing orientation (ηp2=0.048). The binary effect materialxprinting orientation was also significant (ηp2=0.094). Printing orientation exerted a significant influence in 3Delta temp (ηp2=0.407) and no effect in the other materials. Reliability (Weibull parameter, m) was lowest in Freeprint temp at both aging conditions (Table 1).
Conclusions: The effect of printing orientation on FS was material dependent and was lower as the effect of aging. The material with the highest filler load (3Delta temp) achieved the highest FS both bevor and after aging. Vertical printing orientation induced the highest reliability directly after printing, but the highest decrease in reliability after aging.
Methods: 360 specimens out of three TRCs (Nextdent C&B, 3Delta temp, Freeprint temp) were printed (DLP 3D printer D20II, Rapidshape, Heimsheim, Germany) by considering three printing orientations: (a) specimen printed horizontal parallel to the building platform; b) specimen printed horizontal perpendicular to the building platform; c) specimen printed vertical to the building platform (Figure 1)).
Postprocessing was carried out according to manufacturer's specifications. Specimens were either stored in distilled water for 24h at 37°C or additionally subjected to artificial aging (10,000 thermocycles (5 to 55°C). Flexural strength (FS) was evaluated in a three point bending test (ISO/DIN 4049:1998), n=20. Results were compared using multiple-way ANOVA and Tukey’s honestly significant difference post hoc test (α=0.05), partial eta-square statistics and Weibull’s analysis.
Results: FS ranged from 93.2 to 159.9 MPa and 76.8 to 135.1MPa in non-aged and aged specimens, respectively, in the material sequence Freeprint temp< Nextdent C&B<3Delta temp.
TRC exerted the highest influence on FS (p<0.001, partial eta square,ηp2 = 0.651) followed by aging (ηp2=0.220) and printing orientation (ηp2=0.048). The binary effect materialxprinting orientation was also significant (ηp2=0.094). Printing orientation exerted a significant influence in 3Delta temp (ηp2=0.407) and no effect in the other materials. Reliability (Weibull parameter, m) was lowest in Freeprint temp at both aging conditions (Table 1).
Conclusions: The effect of printing orientation on FS was material dependent and was lower as the effect of aging. The material with the highest filler load (3Delta temp) achieved the highest FS both bevor and after aging. Vertical printing orientation induced the highest reliability directly after printing, but the highest decrease in reliability after aging.
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