Efficacy Of Grape Seed Extract On Stabilizing Denatured Dentin Collagen

Objectives: A major cause of composite restoration failure is due to enzymatic degradation of collagen within the hybrid layer by endogenous MMPs. Grape seed extract (GSE) has been shown to stabilize sound dentin collagen and prevent its enzymatic degradation in a clinically relevant timeframe. However, few studies have analyzed its protective ability upon denatured collagen, which might be found in acid-etched or caries-affected dentin. To investigate GSE’s ability to prevent degradation of denatured dentin collagen in a clinically relevant timeframe, using two different methods to simulate denatured dentin collagen.
Methods: Non-carious, un-erupted third molars were sectioned into films 10 micrometers thick and demineralized. Films were assigned to a control group or were subjected to either acid-induced denaturation or MMP-induced denaturation. Half of the denatured and control films were treated with 0.65% GSE for 30 seconds. All films were digested with 0.1% collagenase type I. The weights of control and denatured predigestion samples were compared. The percent weight loss and hydroxyproline release (µg/mg) of samples were calculated. Representative FTIR spectra were collected from all treatment groups for qualitative comparison.
Results: Denatured films weighed significantly less than sound films (unpaired t-test, α=0.05). Denatured samples treated with GSE were significantly less digested than those without GSE (2-factor ANOVA, α=0.05). FTIR analysis confirmed that GSE was incorporated into denatured dentin films.
Conclusions: GSE is able to stabilize dentin collagen that has been denatured either by acid-induced denaturation or by MMP-induced denaturation. Supported by the UMKC Summer Scholars program.