IADR Abstract Archives
Titanium Ion Detection in Human Peri-implant Soft Tissues
Objectives: Peri-implant diseases could negatively affect dental implant chemical integrity. This study aimed to determine peri-implant soft tissue titanium ion (Ti) content in peri-implantitis.
Methods: After conventional peri-implant clinical examination, patients scheduled for peri-implantitis surgical treatment were recruited. Medical and dental/oral related conditions were documented. Peri-implant soft tissue biopsies were collected during surgery, prior to implant surface decontamination. Weighted samples were immediately frozen and stored in -20°C. Samples were processed in nitric acid with trace amounts of hydrofluoric acid until complete tissue digestion. Extracts were analyzed for Ti using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS).
Results: 13 subjects (62±3yrs, 8 male; 15 implants, 9±1yrs function) were included. Five patients (38%) were current/past smokers. One patient (8%) was diabetic, 5 patients (38%) had history of periodontitis and 8 (62%) were periodontally well maintained. Median Periodontal Screening Record (PSR) was 2.3 with 62% of patients having at least one sextant classified 3 or 4. Nine implants (60%) were restored with single cemented crown. All implants were clinically diagnosed with peri-implantitis with 1.3±0.3 pre-surgical threads/implant exposure (excluding explanted implants). Two implants were explanted while 13 implants (87%) received peri-implant surgery. All 15 biopsies were positive for Ti. The mean Ti concentration was 35±14 ppb (ng/ml) (range: 0.3-183 ppb). There was no correlation between Ti concentration and biopsy sample weight, implant time in function, or degree of pre-surgical implant thread exposure. A trend was observed for higher detectable Ti concentration with increased peri-implant bone loss.
Conclusions: Within the limits of this study, ICP-MS can be used to detect gingival Ti contamination. Peri-implantitis is accompanied by increased Ti concentration within peri-implant gingiva. The Ti concentrations reported here are much higher than the values reported to have negative effects on relevant peri-implant tissue cell functions.
Methods: After conventional peri-implant clinical examination, patients scheduled for peri-implantitis surgical treatment were recruited. Medical and dental/oral related conditions were documented. Peri-implant soft tissue biopsies were collected during surgery, prior to implant surface decontamination. Weighted samples were immediately frozen and stored in -20°C. Samples were processed in nitric acid with trace amounts of hydrofluoric acid until complete tissue digestion. Extracts were analyzed for Ti using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS).
Results: 13 subjects (62±3yrs, 8 male; 15 implants, 9±1yrs function) were included. Five patients (38%) were current/past smokers. One patient (8%) was diabetic, 5 patients (38%) had history of periodontitis and 8 (62%) were periodontally well maintained. Median Periodontal Screening Record (PSR) was 2.3 with 62% of patients having at least one sextant classified 3 or 4. Nine implants (60%) were restored with single cemented crown. All implants were clinically diagnosed with peri-implantitis with 1.3±0.3 pre-surgical threads/implant exposure (excluding explanted implants). Two implants were explanted while 13 implants (87%) received peri-implant surgery. All 15 biopsies were positive for Ti. The mean Ti concentration was 35±14 ppb (ng/ml) (range: 0.3-183 ppb). There was no correlation between Ti concentration and biopsy sample weight, implant time in function, or degree of pre-surgical implant thread exposure. A trend was observed for higher detectable Ti concentration with increased peri-implant bone loss.
Conclusions: Within the limits of this study, ICP-MS can be used to detect gingival Ti contamination. Peri-implantitis is accompanied by increased Ti concentration within peri-implant gingiva. The Ti concentrations reported here are much higher than the values reported to have negative effects on relevant peri-implant tissue cell functions.