IADR Abstract Archives
Multifunctional Peptide Coatings for Dental Implants
Objectives: Peri-implantitis is the leading contributor to implant failure and increasing in prevalence. Peri-implantitis is caused by bacterial invasion of peri-implant surfaces that leads to infection of peri-implant tissues. A physical barrier against bacterial colonization, such as gingival attachment to implant surfaces, may impede subgingival biofilm formation. Gingival attachment to tooth structure is mediated by oral keratinocyte (OK) hemidesmosome (HD) structures. We aimed to combine an antimicrobial peptide (GL13K) co-immobilized with a gingivally-derived peptide (LamLG3) to upregulate HDs and create a multifunctional titanium surface that promotes gingival attachment and simultaneously demonstrates anti-biofilm activity for dental implants.
Methods: Titanium disks were covalently functionalized using silanization with either GL13K, LamLG3, or co-immobilized with GL13K and LamLG3 peptides. Non-coated disks served as controls. Disks were physiochemically characterized. After coating, disks were incubated with S. gordonii, a primary colonizer of oral surfaces to form biofilm, and then assessed for microbial ATP activity, CFUs, and LIVE/DEAD staining. OKs were plated and viability, proliferation, cell spreading (SP), and HDs were quantified. Finally, coatings were mechanically, enzymatically, and hydrolytically (pH= 6.5 – 8.0) challenged to demonstrate simulated oral cavity durability. ANOVA and Tukey post-hoc tests were used to assess statistical significance (p < 0.05).
Results: Physiochemical analysis demonstrated the successful immobilization of GL13K, LamLG3, and co-immobilization. GL13K and co-immobilization groups both showed strong antimicrobial activity compared to controls. LamLG3 and co-immobilization both upregulated HDs and promoted OK viability, proliferation, and SP as compared to controls. Peptide coatings exhibited robust durability.
Conclusions: A durable antimicrobial and oral keratinocytes-adhesive coating was obtained with peptide co-immobilization. Our novel co-immobilization coatings may be able to resist microbial invasion, upregulate HDs and promote gingival attachment, and overall prevent per-implantitis.
Methods: Titanium disks were covalently functionalized using silanization with either GL13K, LamLG3, or co-immobilized with GL13K and LamLG3 peptides. Non-coated disks served as controls. Disks were physiochemically characterized. After coating, disks were incubated with S. gordonii, a primary colonizer of oral surfaces to form biofilm, and then assessed for microbial ATP activity, CFUs, and LIVE/DEAD staining. OKs were plated and viability, proliferation, cell spreading (SP), and HDs were quantified. Finally, coatings were mechanically, enzymatically, and hydrolytically (pH= 6.5 – 8.0) challenged to demonstrate simulated oral cavity durability. ANOVA and Tukey post-hoc tests were used to assess statistical significance (p < 0.05).
Results: Physiochemical analysis demonstrated the successful immobilization of GL13K, LamLG3, and co-immobilization. GL13K and co-immobilization groups both showed strong antimicrobial activity compared to controls. LamLG3 and co-immobilization both upregulated HDs and promoted OK viability, proliferation, and SP as compared to controls. Peptide coatings exhibited robust durability.
Conclusions: A durable antimicrobial and oral keratinocytes-adhesive coating was obtained with peptide co-immobilization. Our novel co-immobilization coatings may be able to resist microbial invasion, upregulate HDs and promote gingival attachment, and overall prevent per-implantitis.