Relationship Between Dermatoglyphics and MSX1 Mutations in Cleft Lip Palate

Objectives: To identify risk markers for cleft lip palate inheritance through dermatoglyphics patterns analysis and presence of MSX1 rs6446693 in unaffected parents of non-syndromic cleft lip palate (NSCLP) patients compared with dermatoglyphics patterns and rs6446693 identified in healthy parents of children without cleft lip palate
Methods: Fingerprint patterns and asymmetries were studied. Dermatoglyphics were obtained using ink stamp pad method from 100 healthy and unaffected parents of individuals with NSCLP and 150 healthy and unaffected parents of healthy children without cleft lip palate. Saliva samples were collected in oragene kits from 100 trios (Unaffected parents and proband with NSCLP) and 150 healthy parents. Informed consent had been signed according to a protocol approved by the Ethical Committee of Dentistry of faculty of Pontificia Universidad Javeriana. Genetic Analysis of rs6446693 were supplied by MCLAB (San Francisco, CA, USA). Chi-square and odds ratio (OR) tests were used for statistical analysis
Results: The most frequently dermatoglyphic trait observed in the NSCLP unaffected parents and healthy parents was loops. MSX1 rs6446693 was significantly higher in NSCLP parents than in healthy group (p=0.041). A statistical significant difference was observed between the presence of whorl fingerprint phenotype observed in parents (father and/or mother) who carried MSX1 rs6446693 (TC/CC) and the presence of NSCLP and MSX1 rs6446693 in their offspring (OR: 4.15; 95% CI= 1.09-16.53; p=0.02). The presence of fingerprint asymmetries in parents was not associated with mutations of MSX1 in their offspring, and was not associated with NSCLP risk
Conclusions: These findings were suggestive of a positive association between whorl fingerprint and MSX1 rs6446693 observed in parents and cleft lip palate in their offspring