Cytotoxicity of Calcium Silicate-based Endodontic Cements on 3T3 Fibroblast Cells

Objectives: To evaluate in vitro the cytotoxicity of three new bioceramic cements released in the endodontic market (Neo MTA, ProROOT ES, EndoSequence BC Sealer) on 3T3 fibroblasts cells.
Methods: 3T3 fibroblasts cells were cultured in 96-well plates containing 10% RPMI medium (1640) and supplemented with 10% Fetal Bovine Serum for 24 hours. Twelve samples of each endodontic cement were tested after 24h and 72h of contact and compared to MTA Angelus, a similar material that already has safe used proofed. As positive control, zinc oxide eugenol were used. Cell viability was assessed by the methyl thiazole-diphenyltetrazolium (MTT) colorimetric assay. The data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by the Dunn's Multiple Comparisons test, considering p <0.05.
Results: Cytotoxicity was correlated with time of contact and the type of material. No statistically significant difference was shown between Endo Sequence BC Sealer, MTA Angelus and Neo MTA in all tested time. Of the experimental materials, as well as zinc oxide eugenol, ProRoot ES showed statistically significant citotoxic effect in both tested periods.
Conclusions: Based on the results, the Endo Sequence BC Sealer proved to be less cytotoxic, followed by MTA Angelus and Neo MTA, respectively. ProRoot ES showed an unexpected citotoxic effect.