IADR Abstract Archives
Comparing Effects of Electrical and Conventional Smoking on Saliva
Objectives: Smoking can affect and cause many oral health problems. Presently the use of electrical cigarettes has been increasing worldwide. However, there is limited data comparing between the conventional and electronic smoking affected on oral health. So, the objective of this study is to compare salivary flow rate, salivary pH and salivary consistency between these smokers.
Methods: Patients were asked to complete questionnaire about their health status, social history regarding tobacco use, oral care and dietary history. Stimulated saliva (by chewing paraffin-wax) and unstimulated saliva were collected from 90 patients (age between 20-50) which divided in to 3 groups equally to non-smoker (control group), conventional smokers and electronic smokers. Individual saliva pH was assessed by pH pocket meter. The saliva consistency was detected by visual assessing the resting saliva in oral cavity. All collected data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA (SPSS Statistics 24.0)
Results: The results showed that the mean of stimulated and unstimulated salivary flow rate in both smoker groups were lower than that in non-smokers which the electronic smokers group has the lowest rate. Besides that, the duration of smoking also has the effect on flow rate in both conventional and electronic cigarettes smokers, the longer smoking could decrease the flow rate. Salivary pH and consistency were not different in all groups. The range of pH was between 6.0-8.0 with mostly normal viscosity.
Conclusions: The result from this study suggested that smoking either conventional or electrical cigarettes are affecting on oral health. So electrical cigarettes may not be a safe alternative smoking method or use for quitting conventional cigarettes. However, electronic cigarettes are still fairly new, their long-term oral health effects research besides salivary study should be done in the future. The data from this study also indicate that performing the saliva test in smoker patients could provide benefit to dental professionals for proper treatment planning and prevention to these patients.
Methods: Patients were asked to complete questionnaire about their health status, social history regarding tobacco use, oral care and dietary history. Stimulated saliva (by chewing paraffin-wax) and unstimulated saliva were collected from 90 patients (age between 20-50) which divided in to 3 groups equally to non-smoker (control group), conventional smokers and electronic smokers. Individual saliva pH was assessed by pH pocket meter. The saliva consistency was detected by visual assessing the resting saliva in oral cavity. All collected data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA (SPSS Statistics 24.0)
Results: The results showed that the mean of stimulated and unstimulated salivary flow rate in both smoker groups were lower than that in non-smokers which the electronic smokers group has the lowest rate. Besides that, the duration of smoking also has the effect on flow rate in both conventional and electronic cigarettes smokers, the longer smoking could decrease the flow rate. Salivary pH and consistency were not different in all groups. The range of pH was between 6.0-8.0 with mostly normal viscosity.
Conclusions: The result from this study suggested that smoking either conventional or electrical cigarettes are affecting on oral health. So electrical cigarettes may not be a safe alternative smoking method or use for quitting conventional cigarettes. However, electronic cigarettes are still fairly new, their long-term oral health effects research besides salivary study should be done in the future. The data from this study also indicate that performing the saliva test in smoker patients could provide benefit to dental professionals for proper treatment planning and prevention to these patients.