Bioactivities of Oral Spray Containing Plant-derived Compounds

Objectives: To determine antimicrobial, anti-biofilm, and anti-inflammatory activities of oral spray containing plant-derived compounds; α-mangostin (α-MG) and/or lawsone methyl ether (2-methoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone) (LME).
Methods: Oral spray containing α-MG (5 mg/ml) and/or LME (250 µg/ml) were prepared. Antimicrobial activities against common oral pathogens, and anti-biofilm formation activities were determined as well as cytotoxicity and anti-inflammatory effects.

Results: The oral spray demonstrated antimicrobial activity against C. albicans, S. mutans and P. gingivalis. The formulation containing both α-MG and LME reduced growth of the microorganisms about 1-2 Log CFU/ml at 1-3 h, and the killing effects were complete at 24 h. The oral spray containing both α-MG and LME also showed greater inhibitory effects than those with α-MG or LME alone. In addition, the formulation demonstrated more inhibition of nitric oxide production than α-MG alone. No cytotoxicity of all formulation was observed. Low concentration of α-MG containing spray (<6.25 mg/ml) showed greater anti-inflammatory activity than that at a higher concentration.

Conclusions: Oral spray containing α-MG and/or LME is safe and effective against common oral pathogens. Thus, it has potential to prevent common oral infections and may serve as adjunctive treatment to conventional therapy.