IADR Abstract Archives
Prevalence of Caries and MIH in East Malaysian (Sabah) Population
Objectives: The aims of this study were to: (1) determine the prevalence of dental caries and molar incisor hypomineralisation (MIH) in eight to twelve year olds in Sabah, East Malaysia; (2) determine if higher caries experience correlated with an increased severity in MIH.
Methods: Schools and participants were selected through stratified clustered sampling. A total of 424 children (8-12 years, male/female: 216/208), who attended primary schools in Kota Kinabalu, consented to participate. Different ethnic groups were involved (Kadazan-Dusun: 28.5%; Bajau: 17.0%; Chinese: 16.5%; Malay 6.1%, mixed lineage: 14.2%; other minority groups: 17.6%). Developmental dental defects of enamel (DDE) and dental caries (ICDAS-II criteria, PUFA index) were assessed.
Results: DDE was observed in 124 (29.2%) participants. Demarcated hypomineralised lesions of enamel (DHM) were detected in 110 (25.9%) children and MIH in 68 (16.0%) children. Number of DHM-affected teeth increased with increasing age (χ2(4)=10.61, p〈0.001). MIH prevalence was significantly different between the ethnic groups (χ2(4)=13.96, p〈0.001). Highest prevalence was found in the Bajau group with 20/72 (27.8%) affected; the Chinese group had the least affected (4/70 (5.7%)). MIH lesion severity increased with increasing numbers of MIH-affected teeth (χ2(12)=483.53, p〈0.001). Dental caries prevalence in the permanent teeth was high in this population; 50% had cavitated lesions (D3-6MFT〉0), which increased to 67.5% if white spot lesions (D2-6MFT〉0) were included. The Bajau group had the highest caries experience and treatment need. Children with DDE and MIH had significantly higher caries experience and treatment need compared to non-affected children (Tukey HSD test: p〈0.005).
Conclusions: The prevalence of DDE, DHM and MIH was 29.2%, 25.9% and 16.0%, respectively. Ethnicity played a significant role in the prevalence of MIH and dental caries. DHM prevalence increased with age. Children affected by MIH had higher caries experience and treatment needs than the non-affected group.
Methods: Schools and participants were selected through stratified clustered sampling. A total of 424 children (8-12 years, male/female: 216/208), who attended primary schools in Kota Kinabalu, consented to participate. Different ethnic groups were involved (Kadazan-Dusun: 28.5%; Bajau: 17.0%; Chinese: 16.5%; Malay 6.1%, mixed lineage: 14.2%; other minority groups: 17.6%). Developmental dental defects of enamel (DDE) and dental caries (ICDAS-II criteria, PUFA index) were assessed.
Results: DDE was observed in 124 (29.2%) participants. Demarcated hypomineralised lesions of enamel (DHM) were detected in 110 (25.9%) children and MIH in 68 (16.0%) children. Number of DHM-affected teeth increased with increasing age (χ2(4)=10.61, p〈0.001). MIH prevalence was significantly different between the ethnic groups (χ2(4)=13.96, p〈0.001). Highest prevalence was found in the Bajau group with 20/72 (27.8%) affected; the Chinese group had the least affected (4/70 (5.7%)). MIH lesion severity increased with increasing numbers of MIH-affected teeth (χ2(12)=483.53, p〈0.001). Dental caries prevalence in the permanent teeth was high in this population; 50% had cavitated lesions (D3-6MFT〉0), which increased to 67.5% if white spot lesions (D2-6MFT〉0) were included. The Bajau group had the highest caries experience and treatment need. Children with DDE and MIH had significantly higher caries experience and treatment need compared to non-affected children (Tukey HSD test: p〈0.005).
Conclusions: The prevalence of DDE, DHM and MIH was 29.2%, 25.9% and 16.0%, respectively. Ethnicity played a significant role in the prevalence of MIH and dental caries. DHM prevalence increased with age. Children affected by MIH had higher caries experience and treatment needs than the non-affected group.