Prevalence of Periodontitis in Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Patients

Objectives: Diabetes is considered to be the major treat and primary source which leads to various other diseases.These include nerve damage, stroke, heart disease, kidney disease and even blindness. One of the common health complications is periodontal disease. Therefore this study was conducted in Chennai city to analyse the prevalence of peroidontitis in patients with Diabetes mellitus type 2.
Methods: 150 patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 from various dental hospitals and institutions and 150 healthy control group from Chennai city were selected to compare and analyse the prevalence of periodontitis. All patients underwent very comprehensive check up by dental professionals. Various probes like William's and Naber's probe and indices like Periodontal (PDI)and Gingival index (GI) were used to examine the periodontal disease by their standardised score. Blood glucose level and enzymatic biomarkers like Creatinine phospho kinase (CPK) were also estimated to compare the diabetes and periodontitis. Statistical analysis were done for the data collected by SPSS software. Frequency tests were used to analyse the samples.
Results: The results showed that the occurrence of periodontitis as a oral health complication was more in patients with Diabetes mellitus type 2. Due to periodontitis,there is a progressive increase in depth of periodontal pockets followed by tooth loss. Analysing the serum glucose and Creatinine phospho kinase showed that increase in blood glucose also showed a increase in CPK which is a biomarker for periodontitis.
Conclusions:
This study shows that Periodontitis is predominant in patients with Diabetes mellitus type 2 than other oral health diseases in Chennai region.