IADR Abstract Archives
Prevalence of Periodontal Bone Loss in Patients With Joint Replacement
Objectives: Joint diseases and periodontal diseases are among the most common diseases affecting bone. Joint diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis often result in joint replacement in patients, and yet the potential association between periodontitis and joint replacement has not been investigated. This cross-sectional study compares the prevalence of periodontal bone loss in patients with and without joint replacement.
Methods: Periodontal bone loss in bitewing radiographs was evaluated in AxiUm® records of Tufts University School of Dental Medicine (TUSDM) patients with history of joint replacement and compared to those without joint replacement. Five hundred patient records (250 patients with joint replacement and 250 age- and gender-matched controls) were evaluated. The distance between the cementoenamel junction to the alveolar bone crest as seen on bitewing radiographs of maxillary and mandibular molars and premolars was digitally measured and values greater than 2.5 mm were considered to have bone loss. The statistical analysis was done using chi-square test, and logistic regression.
Results: Eighty percent of the subjects in the joint replacement group and 67% of the subjects in the control group exhibited periodontal bone loss on radiographs (p=0.0008). There was a statistically significant association after adjusting for age and gender (OR=2.38, 95% CI 1.50-3.77). Sixty-six percent of the patients with joint replacement had a contributory history of osteoarthritis and 20% had a history of rheumatoid arthritis. A history of osteoarthritis was associated with bone loss (OR=1.84, 95% CI 1.08-3.13), while rheumatoid arthritis was not.
Conclusions: This study revealed that patients with prosthetic joint replacement have more alveolar bone loss compared with age matched patients without joint replacement in the TUSDM patient population.
Methods: Periodontal bone loss in bitewing radiographs was evaluated in AxiUm® records of Tufts University School of Dental Medicine (TUSDM) patients with history of joint replacement and compared to those without joint replacement. Five hundred patient records (250 patients with joint replacement and 250 age- and gender-matched controls) were evaluated. The distance between the cementoenamel junction to the alveolar bone crest as seen on bitewing radiographs of maxillary and mandibular molars and premolars was digitally measured and values greater than 2.5 mm were considered to have bone loss. The statistical analysis was done using chi-square test, and logistic regression.
Results: Eighty percent of the subjects in the joint replacement group and 67% of the subjects in the control group exhibited periodontal bone loss on radiographs (p=0.0008). There was a statistically significant association after adjusting for age and gender (OR=2.38, 95% CI 1.50-3.77). Sixty-six percent of the patients with joint replacement had a contributory history of osteoarthritis and 20% had a history of rheumatoid arthritis. A history of osteoarthritis was associated with bone loss (OR=1.84, 95% CI 1.08-3.13), while rheumatoid arthritis was not.
Conclusions: This study revealed that patients with prosthetic joint replacement have more alveolar bone loss compared with age matched patients without joint replacement in the TUSDM patient population.