Apical extrusion of debris during root canal preparation using the ProTaper Next, Twisted File Adaptive, and WaveOne Gold systems

Objectives: The study was intended to evaluate the amount of apically extruded debris following root canal preparation with 3 different instrumentation systems.
Methods: Sixty mandibular incisor teeth were selected and randomly divided into 3 groups (n = 20) according to the instrumentation system used: the ProTaper Next (PTN; Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland), the Twisted File Adaptive (TFA; SybronEndo, Orange, CA, USA), and the WaveOne Gold (WOG; Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland). All apically extruded debris was collected and dried in pre-weighed glass vials. The mean weight of the apically extruded debris was obtained using a microbalance. The data were analyzed using a 1-way analysis of variance (ANOVA).
Results: The PTN system extruded significantly more debris than the TFA and WOG systems (P 〈 .01). The TFA and WOG systems were significantly faster than the PTN system (P 〈 .05).
Conclusions: The WaveOne Gold and Twisted File Adaptive systems extruded significantly less debris and needed less preparation time than the ProTaper Next system.