IADR Abstract Archives
Biphasic Mineralized Collagen Scaffold for Bone Defect Restoration
Objectives: For years, the two major biomineralization motifs, biosilicification and biocalcification, have been considered as two discrete processes. In the present study, a new biomineralization scheme was developed via a biomimetic strategy that resulted in intrafibrillar mineralization of collagen scaffold with hierarchically arranged, silica-apatite biphasic minerals.
Methods: The mechanism of the biphasic mineralization, the physicochemical features and the biomechanical properties of the mineralized scaffold were investigated by electron microscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction analysis, thermogravimetric analysis and nanoscopical dynamic mechanical analysis. Furthermore, by co-culturing with mouse mesenchymal stem cells (mMSCs), the osteogenesis stimulation and osteoclastogenesis inhibition potential of the scaffolds were also investigated.
Results: It was found that the mineralization mechanism involves precipitation and crystal growth of polymer-induced amorphous calcium phosphate precursors within the intrafibrillar spaces of hierarchically-silicified collagen. This dual mineralization strategy generated a biphasic mineralized collagen scaffold with increased resilience and fatigue resistance (p<0.05), due to the interpenetrating arrangement of amorphous silica, collagen molecules and crystalline apatite. Because of the multiphase components within the biocomposite, the novel biomaterial demonstrated better biocompatibility, osteoconductivity and osteoinductivity. In addition, they significantly increased osteogenic differentiation of mMSCs (p<0.05) by activation of the ERK/MAPK and p38/MAPK pathways, and inhibited the osteoclastogenesis of RAW 264.7 cells (p<0.05) by up-regulating OPG expression of mMSCs.
Conclusions: Collectively, incorporation of biphasic intrafibrillar silica and apatite mineral phases enhances both the mechanical and biological properties of collagen scaffolds for repair of bony defects.
Methods: The mechanism of the biphasic mineralization, the physicochemical features and the biomechanical properties of the mineralized scaffold were investigated by electron microscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction analysis, thermogravimetric analysis and nanoscopical dynamic mechanical analysis. Furthermore, by co-culturing with mouse mesenchymal stem cells (mMSCs), the osteogenesis stimulation and osteoclastogenesis inhibition potential of the scaffolds were also investigated.
Results: It was found that the mineralization mechanism involves precipitation and crystal growth of polymer-induced amorphous calcium phosphate precursors within the intrafibrillar spaces of hierarchically-silicified collagen. This dual mineralization strategy generated a biphasic mineralized collagen scaffold with increased resilience and fatigue resistance (p<0.05), due to the interpenetrating arrangement of amorphous silica, collagen molecules and crystalline apatite. Because of the multiphase components within the biocomposite, the novel biomaterial demonstrated better biocompatibility, osteoconductivity and osteoinductivity. In addition, they significantly increased osteogenic differentiation of mMSCs (p<0.05) by activation of the ERK/MAPK and p38/MAPK pathways, and inhibited the osteoclastogenesis of RAW 264.7 cells (p<0.05) by up-regulating OPG expression of mMSCs.
Conclusions: Collectively, incorporation of biphasic intrafibrillar silica and apatite mineral phases enhances both the mechanical and biological properties of collagen scaffolds for repair of bony defects.
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