Comparison of Two Resin Composites on Diastema Closure: Four-Year Results

Objectives: To evaluate and compare the clinical performances of two nano-hybrid resin composite systems used for anterior diastema closure and tooth reshaping at 4^th year in service.
Methods: Twenty-three patients with anterior midline or multi-diastema problems were enrolled in this study. Nano-hybrid resin composite systems to be used on each patient were randomly selected. Thirty seven teeth of 10 patients were restored with Filtek-Z550 (3M/ESPE) in combination with Adper™ Single Bond 2 (3M/ESPE) etch&rinse adhesive in Group 1; whereas 39 teeth of 13 patients were restored with Charisma-Diamond (Heraeus Kulzer) in combination with Gluma2 Bond (Heraeus Kulzer) etch&rinse adhesive in Group 2, by two operators. Esthetic, Functional and Biological properties of the restorations were evaluated at baseline, 1-2-3 and 4 years using FDI Criteria establishing a score-range of 1-5 (1-Clinically excellent/very good, 2-Clinically good, 3-Clinically sufficient/satisfactory, 4-Clinically unsatisfactory and 5-Clinically poor) by two independent examiners. The data were evaluated using the Fisher’s Chi-Square test (p=0.05).
Results: At 4^th year, 58 restorations (19 patients) were evaluated (Recall Rate 82.6%). The mean service time for veneers was 43.4 months. One Filtek-Z550 and 2 Charisma-Diamond restorations were repaired due to partial fracture (Score 4). Survival rates of Group 1 and Group 2 were 96.3% and 93.5% respectively (Kaplan–Meier) and there were no significant differences between the groups (p>0.05). Surface luster, surface/marginal staining, marginal adaptation, patient’s view and periodontal response were the main qualitative deteriorations observed within each group according to baseline until the final recall (p<0.05). However, there were no significant differences between two restorative materials for any of the criteria assessed (p>0.05).
Conclusions: Both nano-hybrid resin composite systems revealed esthetically, functionally and biologically acceptable clinical performance when used for diastema closure and tooth reshaping at 4^th year.