Anti-asthmatic Medication's in Vitro Effect on Adhesive Restorative Materials

Objectives: This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the effects of salbutamol sulfate, applied using a Ventolin® pMDI, on the surface roughness of three different types of adhesive restorations applied to standardised cavities on the buccal surface of extracted human teeth.
Methods: 123 extracted permanent teeth were randomly allocated into three groups and restored with either: Kerr Herculite Ultra composite resin, GC Fuji IX glass ionomer cement or GC Fuji II LC resin-modified glass ionomer cement. One tooth from each material group was randomly selected as baseline samples (no exposure) for scanning electron microscopy to analyse initial surface topography. Surface roughness testing was conducted before and after exposure of the remaining 120 teeth. Twenty samples (excluding baselines) from each of the three groups were randomly allocated to be controls solely exposed to artificial saliva. The remaining 60 samples were exposed to Ventolin® for seven days (800µg/day).
Results: There was a significant increase in surface roughness in all restorative materials tested. An F test statistic of 93.1747 was formulated in a pair-wise comparison between treatments and controls, with an associated p-value of P<0.0001 (F _5,114 ≥93.1747). GC Fuji IX showed the greatest surface roughness difference, whereas GC Fuji II LC demonstrated the least change.
Conclusions: All materials showed increased surface roughness following exposure to Ventolin®, which may predispose them to surface degradation and plaque adhesion in vitro. Within the confines of this study, it is suggested that a nanohybrid composite resin or resin modified glass ionomer cement may be more suitable for patients who are on Ventolin® treatment. These results aim to broaden the clinical scope of knowledge regarding the effects and outcomes of salbutamol sulfate on commonly used dental restorative materials.