Efficacy of 45S5 Bioglass in Remineralization of White Spot Lesions Surrounding Orthodontic Brackets

Objectives: The remineralization efficacy of using a Bioglass 45S5 paste was compared to the remineralizing efficacy of fluoride gel (20mg/g, 9000 ppmF, Bee Brand MedicoDental, Osaka, Japan) applied for 24 hours and for 4 minutes on white spot lesions developed around orthodontic brackets.
Methods: The buccal surfaces of 60 extracted human non-caries premolars and incisors were used. All specimens had orthodontic brackets cemented on their surfaces and then masked with acid resistant nail varnish leaving a treatment window of 2 mm. All specimens were challenged by a buffered demineralization solution (pH4.5) for 4 days. The specimens were divided into 4 groups: Bioglass paste, Fluoride (4-minutes application), Fluoride (24-Hours application), and the rest of specimens served as controls (n=15). All specimens were embedded in resin material, cross-sectioned and manually thinned to obtain 100-150μm thickness specimens to observe the lesion depth and the mineral density of the demineralized lesion (delta z) before/after treatment by the TMR (Transverse Micro Radiography) technique. One way ANOVA was used to compare the obtained results (p < 0.05).
Results: Specimens treated with 45S5 bioglass showed statistically significant reductions in (delta z) values and lesion depth when compared to the other three groups (p < 0.05).
Conclusions: 45S5 bioglass paste has high remineralization capacity for remineralization of white spot lesions associated with orthodontic brackets.