Growth Factors Expression by Hypochlorous Acid in Human Gingival Fibroblast

Objectives: To evaluate the proliferative activity and growth factors expression in human gingival fibroblast treated with HOCl.
Methods: Human gingival fibroblasts (HGF-1) were treated with different concentrations of HOCl at pH 5.2 and 5.8 to calculate the CL₅₀ and to evaluate the effects of the treatments on the cell viability and proliferation, using the method of resazurin. Cells treated with medium were used as control. After obtain the CL₅₀, HGF-1 were treated by 1 minute with HOCl at 0.01%, 0.005% and 0.0025% to evaluate the transcriptional activity of the genes FGF2, TGF-β, VEGF, EGF, NFĸB, p53. Total RNA was Extracted using Quick-RNATM Miniprep and transcript to cDNA with the SuperScriptTM First-Strand Synthesis (Invitrogen). Real time-PCR was carried out using SybrGreen. The number of times the genes were expressed was estimated by ΔΔCt formula.
Results: HOCl concentrations below 0.0125% at 5.8 pH suggest a positive effect on cell viability and proliferation. Well above the results obtained with CHX control which did not exceed 10% viability. It was observed an increase of the percentage of survival of the human gingival fibroblasts after 48 hours of exposure to HOCl at 5.8 pH. Results also shown an increase of the expression of important growth factors, especially transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) and FGF2 at concentrations of 0.005% and 0.0025%. Growth factors associated to tissue regeneration.
Conclusions: Results suggest that Oral rinses with HOCl could stimulate cell proliferation and expression of TGFβ and FGF2 factors which stimulates wound repair and tissue regeneration.