IADR Abstract Archives
Tendon Tissue Engineering using Stem Cells Derived from the Periodontal Ligament or Gingival Tissue Sources
Objectives: Tendon injuries are often associated with significant dysfunction and disability due to tissue’s very limited self-repair capacity and propensity to scar formation. Dental-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in combination with appropriate scaffold material, present an alternative therapeutic option for tendon repair/regeneration that may be advantageous compared to other current treatment modalities. The MSC delivery vehicle is the principal determinant for successful implementation of MSC-mediated regenerative therapies. In the current study, a co-delivery system based on TGF-β3 loaded RGD-coupled alginate microspheres was developed for encapsulating periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) or gingival mesenchymal stem cells (GMSCs).
Methods: The capacity of encapsulated dental MSCs to differentiate into tendon tissue was investigated in vitro and in vivo. Encapsulated dental-derived MSCs were transplanted subcutaneously into immunocompromised mice.
Results: The obtained results demostate that after 4 weeks of differentiation in vitro, PDLSCs and GMSCs as well as the positive control human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMMSCs) exhibited high levels of mRNA expression for gene markers related to tendon regeneration (Scx, DCn, Tnmd, and Col II) via qPCR measurement. In a corresponding in vivo animal model, ectopic tendon regeneration was observed in subcutaneous transplanted MSC-alginate constructs, as confirmed by histological and immunohistochemical staining for protein markers specific for tendons. Interestingly, PDLSCs showed significantly greater capacity for tendon regeneration than GMSCs or hBMMSCs (P<0.05).
Conclusions: These findings indicate that periodontal ligament and gingival tissues can be considered as suitable stem cell sources for tendon engineering. PDLSCs and GMSCs encapsulated in TGF-β3 loaded RGD-modified alginate microspheres are promising candidates for tendon regeneration.
Methods: The capacity of encapsulated dental MSCs to differentiate into tendon tissue was investigated in vitro and in vivo. Encapsulated dental-derived MSCs were transplanted subcutaneously into immunocompromised mice.
Results: The obtained results demostate that after 4 weeks of differentiation in vitro, PDLSCs and GMSCs as well as the positive control human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMMSCs) exhibited high levels of mRNA expression for gene markers related to tendon regeneration (Scx, DCn, Tnmd, and Col II) via qPCR measurement. In a corresponding in vivo animal model, ectopic tendon regeneration was observed in subcutaneous transplanted MSC-alginate constructs, as confirmed by histological and immunohistochemical staining for protein markers specific for tendons. Interestingly, PDLSCs showed significantly greater capacity for tendon regeneration than GMSCs or hBMMSCs (P<0.05).
Conclusions: These findings indicate that periodontal ligament and gingival tissues can be considered as suitable stem cell sources for tendon engineering. PDLSCs and GMSCs encapsulated in TGF-β3 loaded RGD-modified alginate microspheres are promising candidates for tendon regeneration.
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