IADR Abstract Archives
Nd:YAG Laser Energy Effects on TiUnite® Surfaces in Different Environments
Objectives: The clinical treatment of implants with peri-implantitis using laser decontamination is hampered by multiple factors, including surface contamination with blood. The purpose of this study was to evaluate using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) the effect of a single pass of a Neodymium:Yttrium-Aluminum-Garnet (Nd:YAG) laser on the TiUnite® implant surface (a moderately rough, thickened titanium oxide layer with micropores) coated with either saline, saliva, and blood.
Methods: Eight NobelReplace® TiUnite® Tapered implants were mounted on a custom jig that travelled at a constant speed, 1.4mm/s, and direction passed a fixed Nd:YAG laser set at an energy level of 3.0W (150mJ at 20KHz) at a distance of 10mm. Each experimental group (saline, saliva, blood) and control group (dry) included 2 implants. Each implant was irradiated on three different surfaces, contributing 6 samples per treatment. Each irradiated surface was evaluated for alterations in surface morphology, including surface melting and loss of porosity, in a standardized surface area (100mm2) within 4 threads at 1000X. The effects of laser treatment were measured using image processing and analysis software (ImageJ).
Results: All irradiated implants (wet or dry) exhibited alterations on the irradiated surfaces. The mean altered surface area (µm2) per group was as follows: Dry: 19,727.1 ± 2,633.8, saline: 12,110.8 ± 4,216.8, saliva: 12,947.9 ± 1,286.6, and blood: 26,963.7 ± 708.3. Surface alterations included charring, blackening, melting, loss of porosity, cracking, and crater formation. One-way ANOVA analysis of all experimental groups revealed statistically significant difference in surface alterations amongst groups (dry or wet). No statistical difference in surface alterations between the saline and saliva groups was noted. (Tukey HSD test).
Conclusions: Nd:YAG laser treatment of TiUnite® implant surface can produce significant surface alterations. Surface contaminants with chromophores targeted by Nd:YAG wavelength, such as blood, may enhance induced surface alterations.
Methods: Eight NobelReplace® TiUnite® Tapered implants were mounted on a custom jig that travelled at a constant speed, 1.4mm/s, and direction passed a fixed Nd:YAG laser set at an energy level of 3.0W (150mJ at 20KHz) at a distance of 10mm. Each experimental group (saline, saliva, blood) and control group (dry) included 2 implants. Each implant was irradiated on three different surfaces, contributing 6 samples per treatment. Each irradiated surface was evaluated for alterations in surface morphology, including surface melting and loss of porosity, in a standardized surface area (100mm2) within 4 threads at 1000X. The effects of laser treatment were measured using image processing and analysis software (ImageJ).
Results: All irradiated implants (wet or dry) exhibited alterations on the irradiated surfaces. The mean altered surface area (µm2) per group was as follows: Dry: 19,727.1 ± 2,633.8, saline: 12,110.8 ± 4,216.8, saliva: 12,947.9 ± 1,286.6, and blood: 26,963.7 ± 708.3. Surface alterations included charring, blackening, melting, loss of porosity, cracking, and crater formation. One-way ANOVA analysis of all experimental groups revealed statistically significant difference in surface alterations amongst groups (dry or wet). No statistical difference in surface alterations between the saline and saliva groups was noted. (Tukey HSD test).
Conclusions: Nd:YAG laser treatment of TiUnite® implant surface can produce significant surface alterations. Surface contaminants with chromophores targeted by Nd:YAG wavelength, such as blood, may enhance induced surface alterations.