Evaluation of Two Alternatives for Dental Remineralization. In Vitro Study

Objectives: To determinate in vitro the effectiveness of a mineralizing agent and therapeutic laser to dental remineralization in dental organs.
Methods: 20 premolars without injury, restorations or enamel defects, extracted for orthodontic or periodontal reasons, were divided into 4 groups (1 control and 3 experimentals); which were submitted to three different phases: Phase1:Placement fixed orthodontic appliances and elemental analysis by SEM. Phase2:Create initial injury, groups were immersed in a demineralizing solution for 96 hours; elemental analysis was performed with SEM.
Phase3:Implementation of variables for each group (A:untreated, B:Nupro Sensodyne with Novamin®, C:Laser therapy, and D:Nupro and laser). Groups were subjected to pH cyclic process, subsequently SEM elemental analysis was performed.
Data were tested for normality Shapiro-Wilks test followed by analysis of variance to find significant differences between mineral changes during different study phases with Bonferroni test, and Tukey test was used to determine significant differences between groups.
Results: Calcium and Sodium ions decreased and Phosphorus ions increased in the four groups with enamel erosion in all samples in phase 2. In phase 3, Calcium, Sodium and Phosphorus ions increased in all experimental groups compared to control group. Being greater change in group B.
According Bonferroni analysis, Calcium concentrations were statistically significant between phase 1 and 2 (p=0.025) and between 2 and 3 (p=0.019); for Phosphorous, between phase 1 and 3 (p=0.013); whereas for Sodium no significant differences were reported.
When applying Tukey test, Calcium showed statistically differences between groups A and B (p=0.004); Phosphorus between A and B (p=0.003) and between A and C (p=0.052); there were no significant differences in Sodium distribution.
Conclusions: According to results, to apply remineralizing agents in white spot lesions, leading ions incorporation and providing an effective alternative for dental demineralization treatment, being more effective Nupro Sensodyne with Novamin® in vitro study.