IADR Abstract Archives
Biological Behavior of Multifunctional Titanium Surfaces for Dental Implants
Objectives: Dental implants are increasing in popularity in the last years, and titanium is the most used material for this application. Some reports still describe failures of these systems, some of them related to the wear/corrosion (tribocorrosion) degradation phenomena at the bone-implant interface. To minimize the occurrence of these harmful corrosion/wear mechanisms, surface modification of titanium was performed by means of micro-arc oxidation (MAO). Samples used in this work have proven high resistance to tribocorrosion. This work highlights the antibacterial and biological properties of these surfaces, in particular the resistance to oral bacterial species, and the cytotoxicity, adhesion and proliferation of bone cells in the early stages of contact.
Methods: MAO was used to modify commercially pure titanium (cpTi) samples, creating a porous titanium oxide film with incorporation of bioactive elements. Ca, P and Mg were incorporated in the films through the use of an electrolyte containing the ions of these elements. Also, the incorporation of ZnO (potential antibacterial activity) was achieved using a novel sonicated-assisted-MAO process using precursor ZnO nanoparticles. cpTi samples without MAO treatment were used as control. Evaluation of cytotoxicity was performed according to ISO 10993-5 standard. MTT reduction method and crystal violet assay, adhesion and proliferation tests were performed with MC3T3-E1 (ATCC) cell line. Morphology of adhered cells was observed through scanning electron microscopy. Antibacterial activity was evaluated in contact with oral microorganisms.
Results: Previous characterization of these MAO-treated surfaces revealed a great increase in tribocorrosion resistance, when compared to the control cpTi group. Incorporation of bioactive elements, mainly in amorphous titanium oxide, and the presence of crystalline phases of anatase and rutile were observed. Interaction of bone cells and microbial species with these surfaces indicate a good combination of antimicrobial properties and adequate biocompatibility characteristics (bio-selective surfaces).
Conclusions: The materials studied in these work, present both good tribocorrosion and biological perspectives for the application in the dental implant field.
Methods: MAO was used to modify commercially pure titanium (cpTi) samples, creating a porous titanium oxide film with incorporation of bioactive elements. Ca, P and Mg were incorporated in the films through the use of an electrolyte containing the ions of these elements. Also, the incorporation of ZnO (potential antibacterial activity) was achieved using a novel sonicated-assisted-MAO process using precursor ZnO nanoparticles. cpTi samples without MAO treatment were used as control. Evaluation of cytotoxicity was performed according to ISO 10993-5 standard. MTT reduction method and crystal violet assay, adhesion and proliferation tests were performed with MC3T3-E1 (ATCC) cell line. Morphology of adhered cells was observed through scanning electron microscopy. Antibacterial activity was evaluated in contact with oral microorganisms.
Results: Previous characterization of these MAO-treated surfaces revealed a great increase in tribocorrosion resistance, when compared to the control cpTi group. Incorporation of bioactive elements, mainly in amorphous titanium oxide, and the presence of crystalline phases of anatase and rutile were observed. Interaction of bone cells and microbial species with these surfaces indicate a good combination of antimicrobial properties and adequate biocompatibility characteristics (bio-selective surfaces).
Conclusions: The materials studied in these work, present both good tribocorrosion and biological perspectives for the application in the dental implant field.