Effect of Different Solutions Against Erosion/Abrasion Progression In Vitro

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different solutions in dental erosion/abrasion progression.
Methods: Bovine enamel blocks (3x3mm) were prepared and integrity checked under a stereomicroscope with 25X enlargement (n=30). Each one was half covered with nail polish to preserve a control area. They were separated in two subgroups (n=15), according to the challenge: (subgroup A) erosion/abrasion and (subgroup B) erosion only. All the blocks were immerse in 1% citric acid for 3 minutes (3X day/7 days) to simulate erosion and then immediately immersed in one of the following solutions: (G1) 2,5% sodium bicarbonate, (G2) 0,05% sodium fluoride, (G3) 0,05% titanium tetra-fluoride, (G4) Elmex Erosion® (GABA) rinsing solution (amine fluoride and sodium fluoride: stannous chloride, 0,05% F: 0,08% Sn), and (G5 - control) water, under constant agitation for one minute. Further, only the blocks of subgroup A were exposed to electric toothbrush for 30s with fluoride free paste. The nail polish was removed and the blocks analyzed by profilometry to measure the step concerning structure loss in the tooth enamel. Was applied to the test results: ANOVA, Tukey, Games-Howell and T-test (p<0,05).
Results: In the subgroup A (erosion/abrasion), G4 had the lowest mineral loss (mean 3,47µm). The sodium bicarbonate (mean 11,95µm) presented results better than the control group (G5) only, mean 14,67µm. In the subgroup B, G4 showed the best result against dental erosion (mean 2,45µm). The control group and the sodium bicarbonate solution showed the worst results and no statistical difference between them. G2 and G3 showed similar results and among them there was no statistical difference in any of the subgroups (A and B).
Conclusions: Elmex Erosion® (GABA) rinsing solution was more effective in reducing erosive/abrasive process in exposed enamel by acid.