Effect of Apacider^® Varnish on Color of Human Dental Enamel

Objectives: This study evaluated the effects of Apacider^® varnish on color of human dental enamel versus different dental materials.
Methods: One hundred crown specimens of intact buccal and lingual surfaces were prepare from extracted human premolars and randomly divided into 5 groups (n=20/group). The enamel surfaces for each group were applied with following materials; Gr.1) no material applied and serve as control, Gr.2) fluoride varnish (Duraphat^®, Colgate Co.); 1 time/week, Gr.3) silver diamine fluoride (Saforide^®,Seiyaku Kasei Co.); 4 times/week, Gr.4) experimental varnish (Apacider^®, KKU); 1 time/week and Gr.5) varnish base (KKU); 1 time/week. Specimens were accelerated aging in 5⁰C and 55⁰C cycle (15 sec. each and15 sec. dwell time) for 500 cycles. Specimens were stored in artificial saliva at 37^oC for 12 hours and then brushed in distilled water using electric toothbrush for 15 seconds prior to determine color parameters. Each group was under repeated application for 8 weeks. The CIE parameters (ΔE, L*,a*,b*) were determined with spectrophotometer (Colorquest^® XE, Hunter lab). ANOVA repeated measures and Tamhane multiple comparisons were used for statistical analysis.
Results: Mean and sd of ΔE indicated color alteration for each group were shown in the table.
Significant differences in color alteration of enamel were found (p<0.05) related to materials tested.
Conclusions: Color change of treated enamels applied with Saforide^® were extremely significant difference from other groups (p<0.05). However, changes in color of enamel for all groups were not considered visually perceptible by human except for group that was treated with Saforide^®.