Characterization and Fate of iPS Cell From Dental Origin on SLA-treated Titanium Disc

Objectives: Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSc) can be generated from oral gingiva with easy access and minimal discomfort. The aim of this study was to successfully generate iPSc from dental origin, characterize dIPSc(iPSc derived from dental origin) and evaluate fate of diPS cells on SLA-treated titanium disc.
Methods: iPSc were generated from human gingival fibroblast using 4-reprogramming factor(Oct4, Sox2, Klf4 and c-Myc) transduction with Sendai virus and characterized by immunocytochemical analysis, Embryoid Body (EB) formation & in vitro differentiation and karyotyping. Generated diPSc were then cultured on machined- and SLA(Sandblasted and acid etched)-treated titanium discs with osteogenic induction medium and their morphological changes were investigated by using Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) on 1, 5, 7, 14 and 28 days after initial culturing. Quantitative analysis regarding cells’ attachment, proliferation and differentiation on SLA-treated titanium disc was also performed using FACS analysis and RT-PCR.
Results: We hereby established diPSc using 4-reprogramming factor (Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc) transduction with Sendai virus and diPSc established in this study was characterized showing similar properties to human embryonic stem (ES) cells and confirmed as having pluripotency, which fulfills the criteria for iPS cells. Time-dependent and surface-dependent morphological changes of diPSc on SLA-treated titanium disc were identified in comparison to control group, suggesting the idea that fate of diPSc may be determined by the characteristics of surface to which diPSc first adhere. This was further confirmed by FACS analysis and RT-PCR with statistically significant difference. (p<0.05)
Conclusions: Taken together, diPSc (iPS cell derived from dental origin) may be one of the most promising and practical cell source for personalized regenerative dentistry and evaluation of their cell fate according to different surface type may be further utilized for future clinical application incorporated with dental implant.