A comparison of curved root canal preparation between Reciprocal Rotary Files and Rotational Rotary Files by Cone Beam Computed Tomography

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare curved root canal preparation between reciprocal rotary files (WaveOne and Reciproc) and rotational rotary files (ProTaper and Mtwo) in extracted teeth by using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) for evaluate extension of canal transportation.
Methods: A total of 40 curved mesial root canals from extracted human molars with curvatures ranging between 25 to 45 degrees were randomly divided into 4 groups. Preoperative root canals were determined using CBCT (WhiteFox Cone Beam CT scanner). Canals were prepared with rotational rotary files (ProTaper as group 1, Mtwo as group 2) and reciprocal rotary files (WaveOne as group 3, Reciproc as group 4). After root canal preparation, teeth were scanned with CBCT. The software WhiteFox Imaging 3.0 and Adobe Photoshop CS6 were used to equalize the images before and after root canal preparation. All images of 3 different areas (coronal, middle and apical thirds) of the root canal were printed. The measurement of dentin thickness before and after root canal preparation were determined. Data were statistically analyzed.
Results: At the coronal and apical third of root canals, there was no statistically significant differences between all four instruments in mean extension of canal transportation (P>0.05). However, at the middle third of root canals, the data showed statistically significant differences between Reciproc and ProTaper. Root canal preparation with Reciproc was significantly less mean extension of canal transportation than ProTaper (P = 0.047, 0.035). Timing of root canal preparation, the results showed that the reciprocal rotary files were significant less working time than the rotational rotary files (P=0.000).
Conclusions: Under the conditions of this study, The use of reciprocal rotary file (Reciproc) showed less canal transportation in the middle part when compared with the rotational rotary file (ProTaper).