Objectives: The aim of this in vitro study was to compare 5% sodium fluoride varnishes, for their ability to deliver fluoride, calcium and phosphate ions.
Methods : Five varnishes were selected for analysis: 1) MI Varnish (MIV, GC Corp.); 2) Vanish White Varnish (VWV, 3M ESPE); 3) Enamel Pro Clear Varnish (EPC, Premier); 4) Nupro White Varnish (NWV, DENTSPLY); and 5) PreviDent Varnish (PDV, Colgate). Three varnishes are containing calcium phosphate compound in addition to fluoride: MIV with casein phosphopeptide - amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP), VWV with functionalized tricalcium phosphate (fTCP), and EPC with amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP). To determine the calcium, phosphate and fluoride ions release, the varnishes were applied to a surface of polyvinyl chloride plastic strips (20mm x 40mm) and immersed in 25mL of distilled water (n=6 per group). After 2 hours incubation with gentle agitation, the ion release was measured and expressed as micro g/g of painted varnish. The levels of fluoride, calcium and phosphate ions were determined by ion specific electrode, atomic absorption spectrophotometry and colorimetrically method, respectively. Data were statistically analyzed (ANOVA, Tukey's test).
Results: Mean values (with standard deviation) of released ion level are presented below. As expected, two calcium phosphate containing fluoride varnishes (MIV and EPC) released significantly higher amount of calcium and phosphate ion than no calcium phosphate added varnishes (NWV and PDV). However, substantial calcium phosphate was not released from VWV.
| Fluoride | Calcium | Phosphate |
MIV | 19743(1911)a | 909(67)a | 2897(203)a |
VWV | 586(107)c | 61(11)c | 72(9)c |
EPC | 15535(533)b | 312(64)b | 15111(465)b |
NWV | 1839(226)c | 35(3)c | 47(13)c |
PDV | 654(105)c | 36(3)c | 42(5)c |
Distinct superscript letters show statistically differences in same column (p<0.01).
Conclusion: This study confirmed the highest release of calcium and fluoride ions from MIV containing CPP-ACP.