IADR Abstract Archives

Human Perivascular Mesenchymal Stem Cells Promote Rat Lumbar Spinal Fusion

Objectives: Autologous bone is the current gold standard of care for orthopaedic and craniofacial bone grafting procedures. However, its use is complicated by limited bone supply, extended surgical time, and donor site morbidity. The search for a novel source of osteoprogenitor cells has led to increased interest in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for bone regeneration. In this study, we performed rat spinal fusions to evaluate the osteogenic potential of human Perivascular stem cells (hPSCs), a FACS-sorted, adipose-derived, homogenous MSC population.

Methods: hPSCs were obtained after digestion of human lipoaspirates followed by FACS-sorting for ‘pericytes’ (CD146+CD34-CD45-) and ‘adventitial cells’ (CD146-CD34+CD45-). 22 athymic rats were randomly assigned to four treatment groups of increasing dosage of hPSCs (0, 0.15 million, 0.50 million, and 1.5 million cells) using a scaffold of a demineralized bone matrix (DBX). Animals underwent posterolateral spinal fusion of L4/L5 vertebrae and were sacrificed at four weeks postoperative. Fusion was assessed by manual palpation, microCT, histology, immunohistochemistry, and biomechanical analyses.

Results: All hPSC treatment groups exhibited increased spinal fusion efficacy in comparison to acellular DBX treatment. Manual palpation revealed 80-100% fusion in hPSC-treated animals in comparison to 20% fusion in acellular DBX treatment. MicroCT analysis showed 138-140% increase in fractional Bone Volume (BV/TV) and 119-126% increase in Trabecular Number (Tb. N) with PSC treatment in comparison to acellular DBX. Histology and immunohistochemistry exhibited increased bone formation and vascularization, while biomechanical assays suggested increased stability when comparing hPSC treatment to acellular DBX.

Conclusions: Here, we demonstrated the robust osteogenic potential of hPSCs in a rat spinal fusion model. hPSCs are an optimal stem cell population due to their abundant source and unrequired culture period, hence reducing the chance of contamination and immunogenic response. Although furtherer investigation is necessary, the present study shows promise for PSC-based products as an alternative for bone-graft procedures.

Division: IADR/AADR/CADR General Session
Meeting: 2013 IADR/AADR/CADR General Session (Seattle, Washington)
Location: Seattle, Washington
Year: 2013
Final Presentation ID: 2105
Abstract Category|Abstract Category(s): Mineralized Tissue

Authors

Asatrian, Greg ( University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA )

James, Aaron W. ( University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA )

Chung, Choon G. ( University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA )

Liang, Pei ( University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA )

Stoker, David ( University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA )

Zhang, Xinli ( University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA )

Ting, Kang ( xx, Los Angeles, CA, USA )

Peault, Bruno ( University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA )

Soo, Chia ( University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA )

SESSION INFORMATION

Poster Session
Bone Biology 2
03/22/2013